Energía y Ambiente (ITBA-KIT)
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Browsing Energía y Ambiente (ITBA-KIT) by Subject "BATERIAS ELECTRICAS"
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tesis de maestría.listelement.badge Decarbonisation of the Argentinian transport sector by the introduction of battery electric vehicles(2018) Costantini, Patricio; Turturro, Gastón Andrés"The thermochemical decomposition of beech wood biomass results in a poor quality bio-oil, which cannot be directly used in diesel engines. In order to make this oil resemble liquid fossil fuels, an upgrading technique should be applied. Among the available possibilities, hydrodeoxygenation (the removal of oxygen and saturation of double bonds through high pressure hydrogen) appears to be the most auspicious route to produce biofuels. Besides, this method requires a catalyst to increase the activity, which could be reused in further upgrading reactions so as to minimize the generation of waste material. In this work, four nickel-based catalysts were evaluated for the hydrodeoxygenation of beech wood bio-oil. After being synthesized, their superficial and compositional characteristics were assessed. Once the upgrading reaction was performed for the pyrolysis oil, the resulting products (upgraded bio-oil, aqueous phase and gas fraction) were separately analyzed. Considering the obtained results, the catalyst with the best upgrading performance was selected in order to regenerate and use it in further hydrodeoxygenation reactions. The catalyst selection was based on upgraded bio-oil, catalyst and reaction factors. Parameters such as carbon, oxygen and water content, HHV, pH value, poisoning and overall hydrogen consumption were taken into account. With the obtained results, Ni/SiO2 was chosen and therefore regenerated, which included the calcination and reduction of the spent catalyst before it was reused in a new hydrodeoxygenation reaction. Its performance was tested along three consecutive reactions and the quality of upgraded bio-oils corresponding to these cycles were evaluated. It could be concluded that Ni/SiO2 showed an improvement in the upgraded bio-oil quality next to a satisfactory performance after the three regeneration cycles, which points out that this particular catalyst can be regenerated and reused for a minimum of three times without significantly affecting the resulting upgraded bio-oil quality. Further characterization techniques should be performed in order to achieve a bigger understanding of the functioning of nickel-based catalysts and their reutilization in a larger number of consecutive upgrading reactions."tesis de maestría.listelement.badge Price-based charging scheduling optimization for battery electric vehicles(2019) Richards, Juan Jeremías; Ried, Sabrina; Ensslen, Axel"The high emissions of greenhouse gases and the impact generated on the environment by human behavior during the last few years has led many governments to decide to promote the use of electric cars for passenger transport, as well as the replacement of conventional energy sources by renewable ones. These radical changes have a high impact on the installed energy infrastructure, especially if electric vehicles are charged in an uncontrolled mode because this could generate peaks of consumption saturating the electricity grid, as they require a high-power load. However, if the same vehicles could be charged in a controlled manner this would bring several advantages, such as shifting load to times when there is less consumption thus decreasing the power required during consuming peaks, or charging them during times when the price of electricity is low, thus generating savings in energy costs. In this master's thesis, a model was developed to find a schedule for charging electric vehicles that reduce these costs, later analyzing the economic benefits that this entails."