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Examinando por Materia "DINAMICA"

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Active particles with desired orientation flowing through a bottleneck
(2018-12) Parisi, Daniel; Cruz Hidalgo, Raúl; Zuriguel, Iker
"We report extensive numerical simulations of the flow of anisotropic self-propelled particles through a constriction. In particular, we explore the role of the particles’ desired orientation with respect to the moving direction on the system flowability. We observe that when particles propel along the direction of their long axis (longitudinal orientation) the flow-rate notably reduces compared with the case of propulsion along the short axis (transversal orientation). And this is so even when the effective section (measured as the number of particles that are necessary to span the whole outlet) is larger for the case of longitudinal propulsion. This counterintuitive result is explained in terms of the formation of clogging structures at the outlet, which are revealed to have higher stability when the particles align along the long axis. This generic result might be applied to many different systems flowing through bottlenecks such as microbial populations or different kind of cells. Indeed, it has already a straightforward connection with recent results of pedestrian (which self-propel transversally oriented) and mice or sheep (which self-propel longitudinally oriented)."
Characterization of heterogeneities in a dynamic reservoir mod
(2018) Emer, María Inés; Deplus, Julien
Congreso Latinoamericano de Dinámica de Sistemas (5º : 2007)
(2007-11) Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA). Departamento de Comunicación Institucional
Expositores, organizadores y participantes del V Congreso latinoamericano de dinámica de sistemas realizado desde el 7 hasta el 10 de noviembre de 2007 en el ITBA. Foto tomada en la escalera principal del hall central de la institución.
Continuous-space automaton model for pedestrian dynamics
(2011-05-11) Baglietto, Gabriel; Parisi, Daniel
An off-lattice automaton for modeling pedestrian dynamics is presented. Pedestrians are represented by disks with variable radius that evolve following predefined rules. The key feature of our approach is that although positions and velocities are continuous, forces do not need to be calculated. This has the advantage that it allows using a larger time step than in force-based models. The room evacuation problem and circular racetrack simulations quantitatively reproduce the available experimental data, both for the specific flow rate and for the fundamental diagram of pedestrian traffic with an outstanding performance. In this last case, the variation of two free parameters (r min and rmax) of the model accounts for the great variety of experimental fundamental diagrams reported in the literature. Moreover, this variety can be interpreted in terms of these model parameters.
Data-driven simulation of pedestrian collision avoidance with a nonparametric neural network
(2020-02) Martin, Rafael F.; Parisi, Daniel
"Data-driven simulation of pedestrian dynamics is an incipient and promising approach for building reliable microscopic pedestrian models. We propose a methodology based on generalized regression neural networks, which does not have to deal with a huge number of free parameters as in the case of multilayer neural networks. Although the method is general, we focus on the one pedestrian - one obstacle problem. Experimental data were collected in a motion capture laboratory providing high-precision trajectories. The proposed model allows us to simulate the trajectory of a pedestrian avoiding an obstacle from any direction. Together with the methodology specifications, we provide the data set needed for performing the simulations of this kind of pedestrian dynamic system."
Effect of physical distancing on the speed-density relation in pedestrian dynamics
(2021-04) Echeverría Huarte, Iñaki; Garcimartín, Ángel; Parisi, Daniel; Martín-Gómez, César
"We report experimental results of the speed-density relation emerging in pedestrian dynamics when individuals keep a prescribed safety distance among them. To this end, we characterize the movement of a group of people roaming inside an enclosure varying different experimental parameters: (i) global density, (ii) prescribed walking speed, and (iii) suggested safety distance. Then, by means of the Voronoi diagram we are able to compute the local density associated to each pedestrian, which is afterward correlated with its corresponding velocity at each time. In this way, we discover a strong dependence of the speed-density relation on the experimental conditions, especially with the (prescribed) free speed. We also observe that when pedestrians walk slowly, the speed-density relation depends on the global macroscopic density of the system, and not only on the local one. Finally, we demonstrate that for the same experiment, each pedestrian follows a distinct behavior, thus giving rise to multiple speed-density curves."
Effect of physical distancing on the speed–density relation in pedestrian dynamics
(2021-04) Echeverría Huarte, Iñaki; Garcimartín, Ángel; Parisi, Daniel; Cruz Hidalgo, R.; Martín-Gómez, César; Zuriguel, Iker
"We report experimental results of the speed-density relation emerging in pedestrian dynamics when individuals keep a prescribed safety distance among them. To this end, we characterize the movement of a group of people roaming inside an enclosure varying different experimental parameters: (i) global density, (ii) prescribed walking speed, and (iii) suggested safety distance. Then, by means of the Voronoi diagram we are able to compute the local density associated to each pedestrian, which is afterward correlated with its corresponding velocity at each time. In this way, we discover a strong dependence of the speed-density relation on the experimental conditions, especially with the (prescribed) free speed. We also observe that when pedestrians walk slowly, the speed-density relation depends on the global macroscopic density of the system, and not only on the local one. Finally, we demonstrate that for the same experiment, each pedestrian follows a distinct behavior, thus giving rise to multiple speed-density curves."
Future virtual particle method for pedestrian navigation
(2015) Castiglione, Gonzalo; Marseillan, Agustín; Parisi, Daniel
"This paper presents an avoidance collision method based in pedestrian self governed decisions, by calculating the position of every pedestrian in the future, a given pedestrian can adjust his velocity vector to avoid col-lisions instead of being affected by a repulsive force."
Pedestrian collision avoidance with a local dynamic goal
(2018-08-21) Martin, Rafael F.; Parisi, Daniel
"We present here a general formalism for equipping simulated pedestrians with an avoidance mechanism. The central idea is to use a short-range target which is adjusted dynamically depending on the environment and thus modulating the desired velocity of the agent. This formulation can be implemented over any type of existing pedestrian model, being force-based or rule-based. As an example, we implement a simple instance of the formulation which is adjusted to reproduce previous reported and available experimental data of collision avoidance in scenarios of low density. The proposed minimal model shows good agreement with the real trajectories and other macroscopic observables."
Pedestrian dynamics at the running of the bulls evidences an inaccessible region in the fundamental diagram
(2021-09) Parisi, Daniel; Sartorio, Alan G.; Colonnello, Joaquín R.; Garcimartín, Ángel; Pugnaloni, Luis Ariel; Zuriguel, Iker
"We characterize the dynamics of runners in the famous “Running of the Bulls” Festival by computing the individual and global velocities and densities, as well as the crowd pressure. In contrast with all previously studied pedestrian systems, we unveil a unique regime in which speed increases with density that can be understood in terms of a time-dependent desired velocity of the runners. Also, we discover the existence of an inaccessible region in the speed–density state diagram that is explained by falls of runners. With all these ingredients, we propose a generalization of the pedestrian fundamental diagram for a scenario in which people with different desired speeds coexist."
Pedestrian tracking using probability fields and a movement feature space
(2017-12) Negri, Pablo; Garayalde, Damián
"Retrieving useful information from video sequences, such as the dynamics of pedestrians, and other moving objects on a video sequence, leads to further knowledge of what is happening on a scene. In this paper, a Target Framework associates each person with an autonomous entity, modeling its trajectory and speed by using a state machine. The particularity of our methodology is the use of a Movement Feature Space (MFS) to generate descriptors for classifiers and trackers. This approach is applied to two public sequences (PETS2009 and TownCentre). The results of this tracking outperform other algorithms reported in the literature, which have, however, a higher computational complexity."
Physical distance characterization using pedestrian dynamics simulation
(2022-01-22) Parisi, Daniel; Patterson, Germán; Pagni, Lucio; Osimani, Lucía; Bacigalupo, Tomás; Godfrid, Juan; Bergagna, Federico M.; Brizi, Manuel Rodríguez; Momesso, Pedro; Gómez, Fermín; Lozano, Jimena; Baader, Juan M.; Ribas, Ignacio; Astiz Meyer, Facundo; Di Luca, Miguel; Barrera, Nicolás Enrique; Keimel Álvarez, Ezequiel Martín; Herrán Oyhanarte, Maite Mercedes; Pingarilho, Pedro Remigio; Zuberbuhler, Ximena; Gorostiaga, Felipe
In the present work we study how the number of simulated customers (occupancy) af-fects social distance in an ideal supermarket, considering realistic typical dimensions and processing times (product selection and checkout). From the simulated trajectories we measure social distance events of less than 2 m, and their duration. Among other observ-ables, we define a physical distance coefficient that informs how many events (of a given duration) each agent experiences.
Proyecto automotor: simulación de maniobra Slalom del Fórmula SAE ITBA
(2019) Calabrese, Antonio; Raffo, Federico
"Desde hace décadas, la SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) propone a los estudiantes de ingeniería de todo el mundo el desafío de desarrollar, construir y vender un vehículo de Fórmula con una producción escalable. Dentro de este marco, el ITBA, ya con su segunda iteración del proyecto Fórmula SAE, plantea a sus alumnos de Ingeniería Mecánica participar, a través de proyectos puntuales y de actividades extracurriculares, de la construcción y mejora del mismo. Existiendo simuladores del comportamiento dinámico del vehículo desarrollados con anterioridad por el equipo Fórmula SAE ITBA, el presente trabajo pretende agregar un nuevo modelo: simular una maniobra de slalom del vehículo de referencia, considerando que este tipo de evento es uno de los más importantes que deben sortear los vehículos en las pruebas de maniobrabilidad y enduro de las competencias SAE."
Proyecto Fórmula SAE ITBA: desarrollo, validación e implementación de un modelo de esfuerzos en elementos de suspensión del Fórmula SAE 2012
(2019) Bourdieu, Tomás; Díaz Biain, Francisco; Raffo, Federico; Zubiri, Juan Ignacio
Redefining the role of obstacles in pedestrian evacuation
(2018) Garcimartín, Ángel; Maza, Diego; Pastor, José Martín; Parisi, Daniel; Martín-Gómez, César; Zuriguel, Iker
"The placement of obstacles in front of doors is believed to be an effective strategy to increase the flow of pedestrians, hence improving the evacuation process. Since it was first suggested, this counterintuitive feature is considered a hallmark of pedestrian flows through bottlenecks. Indeed, despite the little experimental evidence, the placement of an obstacle has been hailed as the panacea for solving evacuation problems. In this work, we challenge this idea and experimentally demonstrate that the pedestrians flow rate is not necessarily altered by the presence of an obstacle. This result—which is at odds with recent demonstrations on its suitability for the cases of granular media, sheep and mice differs from the outcomes of most of existing numerical models, and warns about the risks of carelessly extrapolating animal behaviour to humans. Our experimental findings also reveal an unnoticed phenomenon in relation with the crowd movement in front of the exit: in competitive evacuations, an obstacle attenuates the development of collective transversal rushes, which are hazardous as they might cause falls."
Validación modelo dinámica vehicular del Fórmula SAE 2012
(2019) Delrivo, Pablo; Raffo, Federico; Zubiri, Juan Ignacio
"Desde 1980, la SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) lleva a cabo una competencia en la cual estudiantes de distintas universidades del mundo desarrollan y construyen un vehículo monoplaza tipo Fórmula con el objetivo de ser producido industrialmente. El Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica del Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires ha logrado a la fecha el diseño y la construcción de dos vehículos de la categoría mediante el desarrollo, tanto de proyectos puntuales como de actividades extracurriculares de grupos de alumnos. Para incrementar la performance de los vehículos construidos y la de los próximos a ser diseñados, es muy importante disponer de un modelo validado de la dinámica vehicular de los mismos. Para lograr este propósito, este trabajo presenta el modelo de la dinámica vehicular desarrollado para el vehículo Fórmula SAE ITBA 2012, junto con la validación empírica del mismo con ensayos realizados en pista con un sistema de adquisición de datos y diversos sensores montados en el vehículo. Se presentan el modelo teórico mencionado, llevado a cabo con el software OptimumDynamics, los sensores implementados en el vehículo para los ensayos de validación, los ensayos realizados en pista y el ajuste del modelo realizado a partir de los datos relevados."

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