DSpace Repository :: Browsing by Author "Belluscio, Mariano"

Browsing by Author "Belluscio, Mariano"

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Classification based on dynamic mode decomposition applied to brain recognition of context
(2021-09) Martínez, Sebastián; Silva, Azul; García Violini, Demián; Piriz, Joaquin; Belluscio, Mariano; Sánchez-Peña, Ricardo
"Local Field Potentials (LFPs) are easy to access electrical signals of the brain that represent the summation in the extracellular space, of currents originated within the neurons. As such, LFPs could contain infor mation about ongoing computations in neuronal circuits and could potentially be used to design brain machine interface algorithms. However how brain computations could be decoded from LFPs is not clear. Within this context, a methodology for signal classification is proposed in this study, particularly based on the Dynamic Mode Decomposition method, in conjunction with binary clustering routines based on supervised learning. Note that, although the classification methodology is presented here in the context of a biological problem, it can be applied to a broad range of applications. Then, as a case-study, the proposed method is validated with the classification of LFP-based brain cognitive states. All the analysis, signals, and results shown in this study consider real data measured in the hippocampus, in rats perform ing exploration tasks. Consequently, it is shown that, using the measured LFP, the method infers which context was the animal exploring. Thus, evidence on the spatial codification in LFP signals is consequently provided, which still is an open question in neuroscience."
Closed-loop in neuroscience: can a brain be controlled?
(2018) García Violini, Demián; Bertone-Cueto, Nicolás I.; Martínez, Sebastián; Chiesa Docampo, Franco; de la Fuente, Verónica; Belluscio, Mariano; Piriz, Joaquín; Sánchez-Peña, Ricardo
"An experimental setup capable of stimulating, inhibiting, sensing, processing and analyzing a iological system is presented. The experimental setup is based on open-source, open hardware commercial devices. It can be applied to record and control neuronal activity, for example to stablish causal links between neurons and behavior in a closed-loop fashion. Cells or group of cells can be triggered by acoustical, electrical or light impulses. This last case is based on a technique defined as optogenetics. The latter is used in an example that reads and controls neuronal activity of a population of neurons in laboratory rats forcing them to transition between neuronal states, illustrates the system developed in this work. Index Terms—Optogenetics, closed-loop, automatic control, open-source, open-hardware."
Dynamical models in neuroscience from a closed-loop control perspective
(2022-01-28) Martínez, Sebastián; García Violini, Demián; Belluscio, Mariano; Piriz, Joaquin; Sánchez-Peña, Ricardo
"Modifying neural activity is a substantial goal in neuroscience that facilitates the understanding of brain functions and the development of medical therapies. Neurobiological models play an essential role, contributing to the understanding of the underlying brain dynamics. In this context, control systems represent a fundamental tool to provide a correct articulation between model stimulus (system inputs) and outcomes (system outputs). However, throughout the literature there is a lack of discussions on neurobiological models, from the formal control perspective. In general, existing control proposals applied to this family of systems, are developed empirically, without theoretical and rigorous framework. Thus, the existing control solutions, present clear and significant limitations. The focus of this work is to survey dynamical neurobiological models that could serve for closed-loop control schemes or for simulation analysis. Consequently, this paper provides a comprehensive guide to discuss and analyze control oriented neurobiological models. It also provides a potential framework to adequately tackle control problems that could modify the behavior of single neurons or networks. Thus, this study constitutes a key element in the upcoming discussions and studies regarding control methodologies applied to neurobiological systems, to extend the present research and understanding horizon for this field."
Towards an experimental control of neural activity: The Wilson-Cowan model
(IFAC-PapersOnLine, 2022) Martinez, Sebastián; Sánchez-Peña, Ricardo; Belluscio, Mariano; Piriz, Joaquín; Garcia-Violini, Demián
The prospect of modifying neural activity in a principled way, could facilitate the understanding of brain functions and the development of medical treatments. To predict the dynamics that underlie the different brain activities, several neurobiological models have been proposed, either focusing on individual cells or whole populations. In this context, control systems are a powerful tool to provide a correct articulation between inputs, i.e. neural stimuli, and observables, i.e. system outcomes. Based on well-established neurobiological hypotheses, this study presents a control framework to regulate a neural-mass activity, with potential uses for pattern tracking, such as, rhythm evoking and phase synchronisation. Being these mechanisms closely connected with real brain computations, this study is carried out using a meaningful perspective in terms of biological interpretation. To this end, the Wilson-Cowan model is used, where the input stimuli is elicited through light signals applied to genetically modified neurons that express light-gated actuators. Thus, this study states a crucial proof of concept towards a future experimental application of the control framework for neurobiological systems.
Volume-conducted origin of the field potential at the lateral habenula
(2020-01) Bertone-Cueto, Nicolás I.; Makarova, Julia; Mosqueira, Alejo; García Violini, Demián; Sánchez-Peña, Ricardo; Herreras, Oscar; Belluscio, Mariano; Piriz, Joaquín
"Field potentials (FPs) are easily reached signals that provide information about the brain’s processing. However, FP should be interpreted cautiously since their biophysical bases are complex. The lateral habenula (LHb) is a brain structure involved in the encoding of aversive motivational values. Previous work indicates that the activity of the LHb is relevant for hippocampal-dependent learning. Moreover, it has been proposed that the interaction of the LHb with the hippocampal network is evidenced by the synchronization of LHb and hippocampal FPs during theta rhythm. However, the origin of the habenular FP has not been analyzed. Hence, its validity as a measurement of LHb activity has not been proven. In this work, we used electrophysiological recordings in anesthetized rats and feed-forward modeling to investigate biophysical basis of the FP recorded in the LHb. Our results indicate that the FP in the LHb during theta rhythm is a volume-conducted signal from the hippocampus. This result highlight that FPs must be thoroughly analyzed before its biological interpretation and argues against the use of the habenular FP signal as a readout of the activity of the LHb."

Browsing by Author "Belluscio, Mariano"

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