Artículos de publicaciones periódicas
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Browsing Artículos de publicaciones periódicas by Author "Carignano, Mauro G."
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artículo de publicación periódica.listelement.badge Hybridisation effect on operating costs and optimal sizing of components for hybrid electric vehicles(2017-07) Carignano, Mauro G.; Nigro, Norberto M.; Junco, Sergio; Orbaiz, Pedro"Reductions of fuel consumption and gas emissions count among the main advantages of hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). It is well known that the level of hybridisation has a large influence on the fuel consumption, the manufacturing cost and the battery lifetime. Therefore, a proper selection of the size of components could be the result of a trade-off between them. This paper provides models and a methodology to address the sizing of components of a HEV. Specifically the work is focused on the series architecture with internal combustion engine and battery. The sizing criteria are oriented to reduce the operating costs, in which are included the fuel consumption and the battery-life consumption. Finally, the methodology proposed is applied in a case study. It corresponds to a real hybrid electric bus operating under urban driving conditions. Simulation results show that the best solutions are obtained by oversizing the battery with respect to power requirements."artículo de publicación periódica.listelement.badge A technical, environmental and financial analysis of hybrid buses used for public transport(2018-04) Orbaiz, Pedro; Dijk, Nicolás van; Cosentino, Santiago; Oxenford, Nicolás; Carignano, Mauro G.; Nigro, Norberto M."This paper presents a technical, financial and environmental analysis of four different hybrid buses operated under Buenos Aires driving conditions. A conventional diesel bus is used as reference and three electric hybrids equipped with different energy storage technologies, Li-Ion, NiMH batteries and double layer capacitors (ultracapacitors), are evaluated, along with a hydraulic hybrid platform which uses high-pressure accumulators as its energy buffer. The operating conditions of the buses are set using real driving GPS data collected from various bus routes within the city. The different vehicle platforms are modeled on AUTONOMIE SA and validated by comparing the obtained fuel consumption results to those reported by local transport authorities and values found in the literature. The embedded energy and CO2 emissions of each platform are estimated using GREET and the total cost of ownership of each vehicle is calculated and compared to that of the conventional bus. Furthermore, aging models are proposed to evaluate the life duration of the batteries and ultracapacitors. Results show that, independent of the energy storage technology, the fuel economy performance of all hybrids is highly dependent on the size and configuration of the powertrain and energy storage components. When optimized, all hybrids achieve significant fuel consumption reductions compared to a conventional diesel bus, however, the ultracapacitor based system seems to outperform the other technologies. The battery based electric buses achieve similar fuel consumption reductions, but the NiMH based batteries shows a considerably shorter life expectancy. This has a significant impact on both the economic and environmental performance of this vehicle. The life cycle emission analysis shows that, given the high fuel consumption of a conventional bus, the additional embedded CO2 emissions of the hybrid vehicles are offseted by the achieved reduction of in-service CO2 emissions due to fuel consumption reductions. Regarding the economic performance of the different platforms, results show that the fuel savings achieved by all hybrids displace the higher capital costs required. Overall, all hybrid buses show a strong potential to reduce both CO2 emissions and costs, resulting in negative costs of CO2 abatement."