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Póster Cued memory reactivation is more effective during slow wave sleep than sleep stage 2(2020) Carbone, Julia; Forcato, Cecilia; Born, Jan; Diekelmann, Susanne"Compare cued memory reactivation during Slow Wave Sleep (SWS) and sleep Stage 2 (S2)."Póster Declarative memory consolidation dynamics: new time windows and its implications for clinical application(2020) Moyano, Malen D.; Bonilla, Matías; Blanco, Marcelo F.; Brusco, Luis Ignacio; Pedreira, María Eugenia; Kaczer, Laura; Forcato, Cecilia"After encoding, memories go through a labile state followed by a stabilization process known as consolidation. Once consolidated they can enter a new labile state after the presentation of a reminder (cue) of the original memory, followed by a period of re-stabilization (reconsolidation). In both processes, once stabilization/re-stabilization is accomplished the memory cannot be modified. Currently there are studies that show a rapid stabilization after 30 min, while others studies show that stabilization occurs after 6h. However, there are no studies evaluating short and long delays simultaneously. Knowing that there are spontaneous waves of destabilization (without the re-exposure to keys linked to learning) on which the consolidation and memory persistence depend, here we investigate whether declarative memories in humans suffer spontaneous labilization/stabilization processes after learning or if they only pass through a single time window of lability."Proyecto final de Grado Detección de complejos K y su rol en la consolidación de la memoria declarativa durante el sueño(2021) Carosi, Julia; Vázquez Chenlo, Aylin Agatha; Forcato, Cecilia; Ramele, Rodrigo"El presente proyecto final tiene los siguientes objetivos: -Estudiar el rol de los Complejos K en la consolidación de la memoria declarativa durante el sueño. -Desarrollar un algoritmo de detección automática de Complejos K durante la fase II del sueño."Póster Dream content during lucid dreams and out-of body experiences, differences and similarities(2021) Gallo, Francisco; Herrero, Nerea; Tommasel, a; Gleiser, Pablo; Godoy, Daniela; Forcato, Cecilia"During sleep, humans experience offline visual content that we call dreams, which are typically emotional and lack rational judgment about their strangeness. However, during lucid dreaming (LD), subjects know they are dreaming and can control the dream content. Another type of awere dream experience is the out-of-body experience (OBE) initiated from sleep paralysis. Although the differences between non-LD, LD and OBEs are evident, there is no record in the literature of such differences in dream content and some researchers describe OBEs as a type of LD. We conducted interviews with subjects who experienced LD and subjects who had OBEs frequently. A portion of them kept a dream journal for two months with precise instructions on how to write down their dreams. The collected dreams were analyzed by automatic methods of analysis of emotions such as EmoLex and Sentisense, also with classifiers such as Empath. The dream stories provided by the participants were scored with a series of ratings using a method based on Hall and Van de Castle's dream content scoring system upon which we developed variations and additional measures to adapt to the requirements of our task. The scoring was divided into sections, hought/emotion/action, presence of entities/characters and social interactions, sensory descriptions, spatial references, fantasy content, among others. Here we present the preliminary progress of this study of oneiric content."Póster False memory formation during Covid-19 quarantine: age, sleep quality and emotional variables. Preliminary results(2020) Bonilla, Matías; León, Candela S.; Urreta Benítez, Facundo A.; Lippmann-Mazzaglia, Natalia; Calvo, Camila; Garrido, Manuel; Forcato, Cecilia"False memories are memories of events that did not happen or are altered in their content. It has been shown that not only small distortions can be introduced into old memories but also entire memories of events that never occurred can be implanted. Age is a crucial factor in the formation of false memories. Currently there is no consensus on which age range is more vulnerable. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, anxiety and depression values are increased and these factors also influence the formation of false memories.Thus, our aim was to study how age and mood factors, such as anxiety and depression, influence the formation of false memories."Artículo de Publicación Periódica Identification performance during quarantine by COVID-19 pandemic: Influence of emotional variables and sleep quality(2021) Urreta Benítez, Facundo A.; León, Candela S.; Bonilla, Matías; Flores-Kanter, Pablo Ezequiel; Forcato, Cecilia"The COVID-19 pandemic has caused major disruptions in people’s lives around the globe. Sleep habits and emotional balance have been disturbed in a way that could be comparable to the havoc caused by a deep personal crisis or a traumatic experience. This unfortunate situation provides a unique context in which to study the impact of these imbalances on cognitive processes. In particular, the field of eyewitness science could benefit from these conditions, since they are also often present in crime victims, but can only be generated in the laboratory up to a certain ethical and practical limit. For several decades, eyewitness studies have tried to discover what variables affect people’s ability to properly recognize faces. However, the disparity of experimental designs and the limitations of laboratory work could be contributing to the lack of consensus around several factors, such as sleep, anxiety, and depression. Therefore, the possibility of observing the influence of these agents in natural contexts could shed light on this discussion. Here, we perform simple and repeated lineups with witnesses of mock-crime, considering the conditions related to the COVID-19 pandemic, which to some extent allow emulating the deterioration in general well-being that often afflicts crime victims. For this, 72 participants completed symptomatology scales, and watched a video portraying a staged violent episode. Subsequently, they gave testimony and participated in two lineups, in which we manipulated the presence/absence of the perpetrator, to recreate critical scenarios for the appearance of false recognitions. We found an increase in recognition errors in those individuals who did not have access to the perpetrator during the Initial lineup. Additionally, the conditions of the pandemic appear to have adversely affected the ability to witness and accurately perform lineups. These results reaffirm the need to move toward the standardization of research practices and methods for assessing testimonial evidence, especially in relation to the results of the lineups. Considering the degree of fallibility of these processes can lead to a reduction of wrongful convictions."Póster K-complex localization and classification algorithm(2021) Vázquez Chenlo, Aylin; Carbonari, Giulia; Carosi, Julia; Forcato, Cecilia; Ramele, Rodrigo"K-Complexes (KCs) are events present in non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep, which have cellular dynamics similar to slow waves and have 3 distinguishing components: an initial P200, a posterior N500 and a final P900. Sleep plays a fundamental role in memory consolidation, favoring the transfer of new information from the hippocampus to the neocortex and its cortico-cortical redistribution. There are currently no studies that directly link KCs with memory processes, so they are not being considered as a possible facilitating event of this hippocampal-cortical dialogue. "Artículo de Publicación Periódica Odor cueing during sleep improves consolidation of a history lesson in a school setting(2022-03-22) Vidal, Vanesa; Barbuzza, Alejo R.; Tassone, Leonela M.; Brusco, Luis Ignacio; Ballarini, Fabricio; Forcato, Cecilia"Sleep is a key factor in memory consolidation. During sleep, information is reactivated, transferred, and redistributed to neocortical areas, thus favoring memory consolidation and integration. Although these reactivations occur spontaneously, they can also be induced using external cues, such as sound or odor cues, linked to the acquired information. Hence, targeted memory reactivation during sleep represents an advantageous tool for improving memory consolidation in real-life settings. In this study, our goal was to improve the consolidation of complex information such as that of a history lesson, using a school study session in the presence of an odor, and a reactivation round while sleeping at home on the same night of the acquisition, without using additional study sessions. We found that complex information can be associated with an odor in the classroom and that one session of reactivation during the frst night of sleep in the students’ houses improves its consolidation. These results bring new evidence for the implementation of reactivation during sleep in real-life settings."Póster Out of body experience during sleep paralysis: an altered state of consciousness. Preliminary results(2020) Herrero, Nerea; Gallo, Francisco; Gleiser, Pablo; Forcato, Cecilia"We understand consciousness as the subjective experience the "How is it..." to perceive a scene, recognize a face, hear a sound, or reflect on the experience itself. It can be considered a dynamic process and it can be temporarily divided into states. The states of consciousness depend one’s subjective experience and8 it’s associated neurobiological correlates, and they can be divided in physiological, pathological or altered states. The Out of Body Experiences (OBEs) are an altered state of consciousness, defined as the experience in which an observer perceives the world from a point of view outside of their physical body. OBEs reflect an alteration in the multisensory association cortexes, with the parieto-temporal junction (TPJ) playing a fundamental role. These experiences can occur during sleep paralysis. Sleep paralysis is caused by an intrusion of Rapid Eye Movement sleep (REM) into wakefulness. It is a state which can occur when waking up or falling asleep, in which a person is aware but unable to move or speak. It can be accompanied by a sense of a presence, auditory and visual hallucinations and in some cases OBEs. OBEs during sleep paralysis can occur spontaneously, or they can be induced by training. Here, we conducted an interview with subjects who had spontaneous OBE during sleep paralysis (S-OBE) and subjects who apply techniques to induce it (I-OBEs)."Póster Performance in lineups during covid-19 pandemic: influence of lock-down side effects(2021) Urreta Benítez, Facundo A.; León, Candela S.; Bonilla, Matías; Flores-Kanter, Pablo Ezequiel; Forcato, Cecilia"Our main objective was to study the impact of emotional and behavioral variables in the witnessing processes, using a natural context that generates conditions like those of a real crime."Póster The role of 20-min naps on declarative memory persistence(2021) Vázquez Chenlo, Aylin; Carosi, Julia; Ramele, Rodrigo; Forcato, Cecilia"K-Complexes (KC) are events present in non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep, which have cellular dynamics similar to slow waves and have 3 distinguishing components: an initial P200, a posterior N500 and a final P900. Sleep plays a fundamental role in memory consolidation, favoring the transfer of new information from the hippocampus to the neocortex and its cortico-cortical redistribution. KCs have been postulated as mediators of the hippocampal-cortical dialogue since they recruit distant neuronal populations that do not depend on cortical connections."Póster The role of sleep in episodic memory reconsolidation: project and preliminary results(2021) Moyano, Malen D.; Tassone, Leonela M.; Brusco, Luis Ignacio; Wang, Jingyi; Forcato, Cecilia“Episodic memory is a subtype of declarative memory, defined as the ability to remember how, where and when past events occurred. Consolidated memories can be reactivated by a reminder of the original memory and can enter a new labile state, followed by a period of re-stabilization (reconsolidation). Sleep facilitates the consolidation of newly encoded memories and enhances the memory persistence 6 months after learning. It was demonstrated that a short nap accelerated memory re-stabilization of a list of nonsense syllable pairs, and facilitated the reconsolidation of the reactivated object-location memory, at short-term. Here, we aim to study the role of sleep on memory persistence of a neutral episodic memory through the reconsolidation process.”Póster Sleep hygiene impacts on episodic memories in young and older adults during quarantine by Covid-19: preliminary results(2020) Tassone, Leonela M.; Martínez, Paula B.; Moyano, Malen D.; Solferino, Cecilia; Feldberg, Carolina; Tartaglini, Florencia; Brusco, Luis Ignacio; Forcato, Cecilia"Sleep benefits off-line consolidation of recent acquired information. Insufficient sleep impairs health, especially key components of cognition, resulting in poorer attention and impaired long-term memory. Currently, due to quarantine by Covid-19, sleep routines and sleep quality were modified and affected throughout the population. Preliminary results from our lab showed that episodic memory formation was impaired by emotional variables, such as anxiety and depression . Furthermore, sleep hygiene is fundamental to improve sleep habits. Sleep hygiene refers to a set of practices and environmental factors that are related to good sleep quality. Here, we perform a sleep hygiene treatment to study its impact on episodic memories and on emotional variables such as anxiety and depression in young and older adults during quarantine by Covid-19."Póster Slow wave detection algorithm in non-REM sleep(2020) Carbonari, Giulia; Carosi, Julia; Vázquez Chenlo, Aylin; Moris, Eugenia; Forcato, Cecilia; Ramele, Rodrigo; Larrabide, Ignacio"Online detection of slow waves."Proyecto final de Grado "Somnus": diseño y desarrollo de un sistema modular para polisomnografía(2022-03) Szewach, Mariana; Tassara, Francisco; Benedetti, Pedro; Szlain, Darío; Paschetta, Federico"El presente proyecto final de carrera consta del diseño y desarrollo de un sistema para polisomnografía con una arquitectura versátil que puede ser adaptada para su uso en distintas líneas de investigación. La misma se basa en un esquema modular que permitirá, en un futuro, reemplazar, agregar o quitar bloques según se crea conveniente."Artículo de Publicación Periódica Spontaneous and induced out-of-body experiences during sleep paralysis: Emotions, “AURA” recognition, and clinical implications(2022) Herrero, Nerea; Gallo, Francisco; Gasca-Rolín, Miguel; Gleiser, Pablo M.; Forcato, Cecilia"Sleep paralysis is characterized by the incapacity to perform voluntary movements during sleep/wake transitions, and could bring great discomfort. During sleep paraly sis, out-of-body experiences can occur. Out-of-body experiences refers to the sensation of being outside of the physical body and perceiving the world from this outside perspective; however, they are pleasant in comparison with other sleep paralysis hallucinations. Lucid dreams are dreams in which a subject becomes aware of being dreaming while the dream occurs. Here, we designed an online survey to study the predominant and specific emotions during sleep paralysis and/or out-of-body experience events as well as the somatosensory perceptions that preceded their occurrence. The sample (N = 329) was divided into experimental groups depending on the presence/absence of out-of-body experiences, capacity to induce (or not) out-of body experiences, and perception/no-perception of the sleep paralysis. We showed that more positive emotions were associated with out-of-body experiences and more negative emotions were associated with sleep paralysis episodes, and for those who claim the ability to induce out-of-body experiences, positive emotions were more frequent in their episodes. We found that subjects perceived auditory, tactile and visual sensations before sleep paralysis episodes, and we proposed that these could be an “aura” of sleep paralysis. Furthermore, subjects that had out-of-body experiences but had never felt the sleep paralysis, perceived tactile and visual sensations to the same extent as subjects with out-of-body experiences that felt the sleep paralysis." Therefore, we proposed that the “aura” recognition could be used under controlled conditions for out-of-body experiences induction in patients with sleep paralysis to diminish the negative symptoms associated with sleep paralysis episodesPóster Structural differences between non-lucid, lucid dreams and out-of-body experience reports assessed by graph analysis(2021) Gallo, Francisco; Tommasel, Antonela; Herrero, Nerea; Forcato, Cecilia; Godoy, Daniela; Gleiser, Pablo"It has been recently found using graph theory that measures of network structure can predict ratings of dream complexity, where increases in connectedness and decreases in randomness are observed in relation to increasing dream report complexity. This approach proved to be useful to differentiate dream reports in the pathological population as well as NREM and REM dream reports, but it has not yet been used to study the differences between different oneiric experiences. In this work we analyze dream reports that include non-lucid, lucid dreams and out-of body experiences initiated from sleep paralysis. The reports are presented as directed graphs, where each different word plays the role of a node, and consecutive words are connected by a directed, unweighted edge. We analyze different network measures to compare the graphs. Preliminary results presented here suggest that both local measures, such as the degree of nodes, and global measures, such as clustering and the number of strongly connected components, allow for a categorization of different dream experiences."Póster Wavelets for sleep scoring: a machine learning approach(2020) Moris, Eugenia; Forcato, Cecilia; Larrabide, Ignacio"Sleep scoring it a common method used by experts to monitor the quantity and quality of sleep in people, but it is a time-consuming and labour-intense task."