Examinando por Materia "ELECTROLISIS"

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  • Artículo de Publicación Periódica
    Advances in alkaline water electrolyzers: a review
    (2019-06) David, Martín Rafael; Ocampo-Martínez, Carlos; Sánchez-Peña, Ricardo
    "The renewed concern for the care of the environment has led to lower emissions of greenhouse gases without sacrificing modern comforts. Widespread proposal focuses on energy produced from renewable sources and its subsequent storage and transportation based on hydrogen. Currently, this gas applies to the chemical industry and its production is based on fossil fuels. The introduction of this energy vector requires the development of environmental-friendly methods for obtaining it. In this paper, existing techniques are just presented and the main focus is made on electrolysis, a mature procedure. In turn, some developed proposals as previous steps to the hydrogen economy are presented. Finally, some lines of research to improve alkaline electrolysis technology are commented."
  • Proyecto final de Grado
    Análisis de prefactibilidad de una planta productora de hidrógeno
    (2020) Crozzoli, Piero; Gullo, Francisco; Milanesi, Julieta; Sánchez Barros, Agustina; Trivellini, Luciano; Mascarenhas, Juan Martín
    "El presente documento tiene como propósito el análisis de prefactibilidad del desarrollo y puesta en marcha de una planta productora de hidrógeno verde. Producido mediante electrólisis y alimentado por fuentes renovables, se presenta como una alternativa ecológica para la generación y almacenamiento de energía renovable, siendo un pilar fundamental para la descarbonización y la sustentabilidad mundial."
  • Proyecto final de Grado
    Análisis y desarrollo de un sistema fotovoltaico para alimentación de un clorizador
    (2017) Bassi, Sofía; Lauretta, Juan Ricardo
    "La conversión de la radiación solar en corriente eléctrica es una manera práctica de generar energía para alimentar dispositivos eléctricos en ubicaciones remotas. Por otra parte, existe una creciente necesidad de tener acceso a agua potable en zonas rurales o marginadas, aisladas de la red eléctrica. En este trabajo se diseña y ensaya un prototipo de clorizador alimentado por energía solar, el cual permite obtener cloro por electrólisis a emplearse posteriormente en procesos de potabilización de agua. El trabajo se centra en la optimización de la obtención de energía solar para llevar a cabo el proceso de generación de cloro, y en el diseño de la instalación de menor costo que permita un adecuado control del funcionamiento del dispositivo. Se hace un estudio teórico del problema, se analizan distintas soluciones, y se selecciona la mejor alternativa de sistema fotovoltaico. Luego se lo prueba y se validan los resultados. Por último, se mencionan algunos trabajos a realizarse en un futuro."
  • Tesis de maestría
    Catalytic cleaning process for high pressure electrolyzers
    (2017) Dijk, Nicolás van; Jordan, Thomas; Grune, Joachim
    "The on growing global energy demand and the increasing need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in order to avoid the worst case scenarios of global warming, forces to introduce cleaner and more sustainable technologies and practices into all sector of the economy. Therefore, electricity produced by renewable sources is continuously increasing in the energy matrix worldwide. One drawback of the renewable energies is the generation intermittency. This issue positions hydrogen as one of the main characters to store the surplus energy and blend the uctuations by producing and storing it at high pressure. Hydrogen can be produced by splitting water using an electrolyzer. Moreover, in order to increase the power-to-gas eficiency, high pressure electrolyzer are being developed. Gas cross contamination in high pressure electrolyzers is a burden that needs to be tackled in Gas order to avoid unwanted ignition events. Therefore, a cleaning process needs to be implemented. In this master thesis a catalytic cleaning process is tested with an existent experimental set up. Tests are performed with pressures up to 90 bar and the behavior of the catalytic material is assessed. Results show v 10% efciency increase with pressure increase along the pressure range tested. It is found that pressure range is bounded due to experimental set-up limitations and modifications to the test facility are proposed."
  • Artículo de Publicación Periódica
    Dynamic modelling of alkaline self-pressurized electrolyzers: a phenomenological-based semiphysical approach
    (2020-09) David, Martín Rafael; Álvarez, Hernán; Ocampo-Martínez, Carlos; Sánchez-Peña, Ricardo
    "This paper proposes a phenomenological based semiphysical model (PBSM) for a self-pressurized alkaline electrolyzer. The model, based on mass and energy balances, represents the dynamic behaviour of hydrogen and oxygen production using electrolysis. The model allows to anticipate operational variables as dynamic responses in the concentrations of the electrolytic cell, and variations in both, level and pressure, at the gas separation chambers due to the change in electric current. The model parameters have been adjusted based on experimental measurements taken from an available prototype and through a suitable identification process. Simulation results replicate the current dynamic response of the experimental self-pressurized electrolyzer assembly. This model proves to be useful in the improvement of the control of gas production rate in this kind of assemblies, both as a validated simulation platform and as a source of reduced order models for model-based control design."
  • Tesis de maestría
    Experimental determination of single bubble behavior in a high-pressure optical alkaline electrolyzer
    (2017) Estruga, Pablo José María; Jordan, Thomas
    "The participation of renewable energy in the energetic matrix is increasing continuously and the electrical energy storage technologies will be crucial in the future energy sector scenario. With this technologies, it is possible to regulate the fluctuating electrical energy generation that renewable energy sources present. Under the “Power to gas” concept, hydrogen can be generated with the surplus of those sources (e.g. solar and wind power). Thus, it is essential to increase the efficiency of the storage technologies. The generation of hydrogen by means of high pressure electrolysis is presented as a possible solution. This master thesis was done within the cooperation program between the Institute of Nuclear and Energy Technologies (IKET) and the Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA). Experiments were performed with an alkaline high-pressure experimental electrolyzer, where pressure was rise up to 180bar. It was studied the case of single bubbles behavior, focusing on the typical diameters and rise velocities of hydrogen and oxygen bubbles. The obtained results were compared with a bubbles swarm behavior, where clear differences were observed. To achieve the single bubble generation, a new electrode was design and an electrical pulsed signals was applied as power supply."
  • Tesis de maestría
    Experimental set-up for bubble behaviour in a high pressure alkaline electrolyte
    (2016) Frey, Félix; Jordan, Thomas; Orbaiz, Pedro
    "The increase in the proportion of renewable energy in the energy matrix and associated unpredictable electricity surpluses, the need for efficient forms of energy storage raises. Due to high energy density and transportability, hydrogen plays an important role as energy storage. After the production of hydrogen by electrolysis a significant percentage of the stored energy is used for the compression of the hydrogen gas. Higher efficiencies are reached by high pressure electrolysis, because subsequently compression of the hydrogen gas is not necessary. In the course of a cooperation between the Institute of Nuclear and Energy Technologies (IKET) and the Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA), a high pressure elec-trolyser Experiment has been developed at ITBA. The particularity about this device besides the high working pressure, are glass windows in the taps in order to be able to analyse the behaviour of the gas bubbles. Experiments for the investigation of the bubble behaviour have been performed at IKET. This master thesis describes the development of the project, from the design and construction of the electrolyser at ITBA, to the execution of first series of experiments at IKET. First conclusions about the bubble behaviour are presented".
  • Ponencia en Congreso
    H2 purity control of high-pressure alkaline electrolyzers
    (2021-06) David, Martín Rafael; Bianchi, Fernando D.; Ocampo-Martínez, Carlos; Sánchez-Peña, Ricardo
    "This paper proposes a control strategy that mitigates the cross contamination of H2 and O2 in a high-pressure alkaline electrolyzer, which consequently increases the supplied gases purity. In order to reduce the diffusion of gases through the membrane, the controller establishes the opening of two outlet valves based on the pressure of the system and the difference in liquid level between both separation chambers. Therefore, a multiple input - multiple output optimal controller is designed here. For this purpose, an available high-fidelity model was simplified in order to obtain a control-oriented model. The proposed controller was evaluated in simulation using the high-fidelity nonlinear model in a wide operating range and was compared with a pair of decoupled PI controllers. The resulting impurity of gases was below 1% in all cases."
  • Tesis de doctorado
    Mathematical modelling and advanced control design applied to high-pressure electrolyzers for hydrogen production
    (2021-09) David, Martín Rafael; Sánchez-Peña, Ricardo; Ocampo-Martínez, Carlos
    "This thesis is mainly dedicated to the study of high pressure alkaline electrolysis. Alkaline electrolysis is a well established technology and is commercially available. However, the operation at high pressure for dispensing compressors was not fully investigated. Moreover, there is a lack of dynamic models and publications related to control strategies. Therefore, this thesis contributes especially in the modelling and control of high pressure alkaline electrolyzers in order to improve purity of produced gases."
  • Artículo de Publicación Periódica
    Model-based control design for H2 purity regulation in high-pressure alkaline electrolyzers
    (2021-05) David, Martín Rafael; Bianchi, Fernando D.; Ocampo-Martínez, Carlos; Sánchez-Peña, Ricardo
    "This paper proposes two control strategies that mitigate the cross contamination of H2 and O2 in a high-pressure alkaline electrolyzer, which consequently increases the supplied gases purity: one based on a decoupled PI scheme and the other based on optimal control tools. In order to reduce the diffusion of gases through the membrane, the controllers establish the opening of two outlet valves based on the pressure of the system and the difference in liquid level between both separation chambers. Therefore, two multiple input - multiple output controllers are designed here. For this purpose, a high-fidelity model previously developed was simplified in order to obtain a control-oriented model. The proposed controllers were evaluated in simulation using the high-fidelity nonlinear model in a wide operating range, which resulted in less than 1% impurity of gases."
  • Ponencia en Congreso
    Phenomenological based model of hydrogen production using an alkaline self-pressurized electrolyzer
    (2019-08) David, Martín Rafael; Álvarez, Hernán; Ocampo-Martínez, Carlos; Sánchez-Peña, Ricardo
    "The aim of this work is to develop the phenomenological based modeling of a self-pressurized alkaline electrolyser with the objective of predicting the cross-contamination of the gases produced. A proposed model, built in Matlab ® , represents the dynamical evolution in real electrolysers, and anticipates operational variables: level, pressure and all concentrations. Dynamic responses in the concentrations of the electrolytic cell, and variations in both level and pressure at the chamber due to the change in current and diffusivity, are reported. The equations by which the variables can be computed are also presented. The proposed model is ready for the corresponding adjustment of parameters based on experimental measurements taken from an available prototype and through a suitable identification process."